Valor nutritivo y utilización del orujo de aceituna granulado en la alimentación invernal de ovejas vacías, gestantes y lactantes

Abstract

Four experimental diets including 51.5-59.3 p. 100 of pelleted olive pulpe, pit and fat cleaned off, were cornpared with a control diet containingbarky and soya bean meal. The experimental diets were formulated to provide daily 0.43-0.46 Kg T.D.N. and 145 g of crude protein in pelleted form and free feeding of barley hay per ewe barra fed in winter time_ Live weight at weekly intervals and lambing performance were recorded. Olive pulpe had 10.13 *1.54 p. 100 humidity; 5.4 ± 0.6 ether extract; 8.77+ 1.05 crude protein and 3.8 and 0.44 p. 100 of Ca and P. Average live weight increment in the last 78 pregnancy days for olive pulpe was 7.85 and 9.77 Kg for single and double pregnancies. In the control lot live weight increment was 1"1.9 and 13.1 Kg for single and double pregnancies. No significant differences were found among live weight increments during pregnancies of olive pulpe consuming lots; lots II, III and IV werefound significantly different from lot V. Open ewes had average live weight increments of 3.9 (experimental) and 4.6 (control) for the 78 days comparative period. In both experimental and control lots lamb birth weight was proportional to daily live weight increase of pregnant ewes in the 60-120 g range, but no proportionality was observed beyond 120 g of daily increment both in single and double last half pregnancies. Average dry matter individual daily consumption in olive pulpe lots was 1.82 2.09 Kg having 14 and 54 p. 100 pregnant ewes. In control lot, daily dry matter consumption was 1.43-1.88 Kg, with 16 and 47.8 p. 100 pregnant ewes. Pelleted olive pulpe amounted to 51.5-59.3 p. 100 of total dry matter fed; comparable figures for control lots were 33.2 and 43.8 p. 100. Experimental and control pregnant ewes liad a dry matter consumption ability of 125 and 175 p. 100 respect to the open and lactating ewes of their respective groups. Estirnations of feed utilisation efficiency in pregnant ewes of experimental and control lots were 10.85 and 6.9 for the last 78 days of pregnancy period. In comparable open ewes such efficiency was only 38.7 and 20.5 for experimental and control lats. These estimations were significantly different. Graphic evolution of ewes live weight o differents lotss for last half of pregnancy and first 40 lactation days is shown as .livweight evolution of their lambs. Four lambs in experimental olives pulpe lots developed muscular distrophy against norte in control lot. For this reason it is recomended to include vitarnin E Supplementation in olive pulpe rations. No sexual activity was recorded in nursiág ewes exponed to fertile rarns but in experimental and control open ewes were recorded 25.9 and 2.6 heats expresed as percentage of potential heats. Comparison of experimental and control diets results could be figurated as shown in the following table: Although the aboye presented coefficients are estimations of comparative efficiency between experimental and control diets in particular situation it is suggested upon the grounds provided by these coefficients that the product tested could have average values more clase to 0.30 Kg T. D. N./Kg than to the 0.35 Kg T.D.N. used in the experimental diets calculation. More precise estimation could be 0.27 Kg T. D. N./Kg for growing, maintenance and pregnancy diets and 0.33-0.34 Kg T. D. N./Kg for milk production in ewes. At prevalent local prices relationship it seems possible to obtain with the average experimental diet comparable results to the control diet by 77.8 p. 100 of it cost.