DSA-Artículos, capítulos...http://hdl.handle.net/10396/23252024-03-29T15:08:18Z2024-03-29T15:08:18ZSeroreversion of IgG anti-HEV in HIV cirrhotic patients: A long-term multi-sampling longitudinal studyLópez-López, PedroFrias, MarioCamacho, ÁngelaMachuca Sánchez, IsabelCaballero-Gómez, JavierRisalde, M.A.García-Bocanegra, IgnacioPérez-Valero, IgnacioGómez, J.C.Rivero-Juárez, AntonioRivero, Antoniohttp://hdl.handle.net/10396/277152024-03-21T03:00:52Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZSeroreversion of IgG anti-HEV in HIV cirrhotic patients: A long-term multi-sampling longitudinal study
López-López, Pedro; Frias, Mario; Camacho, Ángela; Machuca Sánchez, Isabel; Caballero-Gómez, Javier; Risalde, M.A.; García-Bocanegra, Ignacio; Pérez-Valero, Ignacio; Gómez, J.C.; Rivero-Juárez, Antonio; Rivero, Antonio
The aim of our study was to evaluate HEV antibody kinetics in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with cirrhosis. A longitudinal retrospective study was designed. Patients were followed up every 6 months; anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies levels and HEV-RNA by qPCR were analysed. The prevalence and incidence of every HEV infection marker were calculated. The kinetics of anti-HEV IgG and IgM during the follow-up were evaluated. Seventy-five patients comprised the study population. The seroprevalence observed was 17.3%. None showed IgM antibodies or HEV-RNA at baseline. None showed detectable HEV viral load during the study period. After a median follow-up of 5.1 years, two of 62 seronegative patients (3.2%) seroconverted to IgG antibody. The incidence for IgM was 2.7%. Of the 13 patients with IgG seropositivity at baseline, five (38.5%) seroreverted. Meanwhile, of the two patients who exhibited IgM positivity during the study, one (50%) showed intermittent positivity. We found that HEV seropositivity is common in HIV/HCV-coinfected cirrhotic patients. A remarkable rate of IgG seroreversions and IgM intermittence was found, limiting the use of antibodies for the diagnosis of HEV infection in this population.
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZExposure to Coxiella burnetii in wild lagomorphs in Spanish Mediterranean ecosystemsCastro-Scholten, SabrinaCaballero-Gómez, JavierCano Terriza, DavidJiménez-Martín, DéboraRouco Zufiaurre, CarlosBeato-Benítez, AdriánCamacho Sillero, Leonor NatividadGarcía-Bocanegra, Ignaciohttp://hdl.handle.net/10396/276312024-03-06T03:00:58Z2024-01-01T00:00:00ZExposure to Coxiella burnetii in wild lagomorphs in Spanish Mediterranean ecosystems
Castro-Scholten, Sabrina; Caballero-Gómez, Javier; Cano Terriza, David; Jiménez-Martín, Débora; Rouco Zufiaurre, Carlos; Beato-Benítez, Adrián; Camacho Sillero, Leonor Natividad; García-Bocanegra, Ignacio
Coxiella burnetii is an important zoonotic pathogen of worldwide distribution that can infect a wide range of wild and domestic species. The European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) can play a role as a reservoir for this bacterium in certain epidemiological scenarios, but, to date, a very limited numbers of large-scale serosurveys have been conducted for this species worldwide. Although exposure in hare species has also been described, C. burnetii in Iberian hare (Lepus granatensis) has never been assessed. Here, we aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with C. burnetii exposure in wild lagomorphs in the Mediterranean ecosystems of southern Spain. Between the 2018/2019 and 2021/2022 hunting seasons, blood samples from 638 wild lagomorphs, including 471 wild rabbits and 167 Iberian hares, were collected from 112 hunting grounds distributed across all eight provinces of Andalusia (southern Spain). The overall apparent individual seroprevalence was 8.9% (57/638; 95% CI: 6.8–11.4). Antibodies against C. burnetii were found in 11.3% (53/471; 95% CI: 8.4–14.1) of the wild rabbits and 2.4% (4/167; 95% CI: 0.1–4.7) of the Iberian hares. Seropositive animals were detected for 16 (14.3%; 95% CI: 7.8–20.8) of the 112 hunting grounds tested and in all the hunting seasons sampled. A generalized estimating equations model showed that the geographical area (western Andalusia) and presence of sheep were risk factors potentially associated with C. burnetii exposure in wild lagomorphs. A statistically significant spatial cluster (p < 0.001) was identified in the south-west of Andalusia. Our results provide evidence of moderate, endemic and heterogeneous circulation of C. burnetii in wild lagomorph populations in Spanish Mediterranean ecosystems. Risk-based strategies for integrative surveillance programs should be implemented in these species to reduce the risk of transmission of the bacterium to sympatric species, including humans.
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZTranscriptomic Analysis of Ovine Hepatic Lymph Node Following Fasciola hepatica Infection – Inhibition of NK Cell and IgE-Mediated SignalingNaranjo-Lucena, AmaliaCorreia, Carolina N.Molina-Hernández, VerónicaMartínez Moreno, ÁlvaroBrowne, J.A.Pérez, JoséMacHugh, David E.Mulcahy, Gracehttp://hdl.handle.net/10396/273642024-02-10T03:01:18Z2021-01-01T00:00:00ZTranscriptomic Analysis of Ovine Hepatic Lymph Node Following Fasciola hepatica Infection – Inhibition of NK Cell and IgE-Mediated Signaling
Naranjo-Lucena, Amalia; Correia, Carolina N.; Molina-Hernández, Verónica; Martínez Moreno, Álvaro; Browne, J.A.; Pérez, José; MacHugh, David E.; Mulcahy, Grace
Fasciola hepatica is a trematode parasite responsible for major economic losses in livestock production, and is also a food-borne zoonotic agent in developing rural regions. For years, the immunoregulatory mechanisms employed by the parasite have hampered efforts to develop a successful vaccine candidate. Given that a comprehensive understanding of the immune response to infection is needed, we investigated the gene expression changes in ovine hepatic lymph nodes after experimental infection with F. hepatica. Lymph nodes from uninfected and infected animals were processed for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) at 16 weeks post-infection. Comparison of groups revealed 5,132 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs). An inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways, which has previously been described during fasciolosis, was evident in our data. However, other signals previously identified in ruminant peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or liver tissue, such as activation of TGF-β or apoptosis-related pathways were not detected. We found inhibition of some key immunological pathways, including natural killer (NK) cell activity and IgE-mediated signaling. These may point to additional some as yet unrecognized mechanisms employed by the parasite to evade the host immune response. Understanding these, and leveraging information from this and other omics studies, will be important for the development of future vaccine prototypes against this parasite.
2021-01-01T00:00:00ZIdentification of protective peptides of Fasciola hepatica-derived cathepsin L1 (FhCL1) in vaccinated sheep by a linear B-cell epitope mapping approachBuffoni Perazzo, LeandroGarza-Cuartero, LauraPérez Caballero, RaúlZafra, RafaelMartínez-Moreno, Francisco JavierMolina-Hernández, VerónicaPérez, JoséMartínez Moreno, ÁlvaroMulcahy, Gracehttp://hdl.handle.net/10396/273252024-02-09T03:01:58Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZIdentification of protective peptides of Fasciola hepatica-derived cathepsin L1 (FhCL1) in vaccinated sheep by a linear B-cell epitope mapping approach
Buffoni Perazzo, Leandro; Garza-Cuartero, Laura; Pérez Caballero, Raúl; Zafra, Rafael; Martínez-Moreno, Francisco Javier; Molina-Hernández, Verónica; Pérez, José; Martínez Moreno, Álvaro; Mulcahy, Grace
Background: Fasciolosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases of livestock. The need for better control strategies
gave rise to the identification of various vaccine candidates. The recombinant form of a member of the cysteine
protease family, cathepsin L1 of Fasciola hepatica (FhCL1) has been a vaccine target for the past few decades since it
has been shown to behave as an immunodominant antigen. However, when FhCL1 was used as vaccine, it has been
observed to elicit significant protection in some trials, whereas no protection was provided in others.
Methods: In order to improve vaccine development strategy, we conducted a linear B-cell epitope mapping of
FhCL1 in sheep vaccinated with FhCL1, FhHDM, FhLAP and FhPrx plus Montanide and with significant reduction of
the fluke burden, sheep vaccinated with FhCL1, FhHDM, FhLAP and FhPrx plus aluminium hydroxide and with nonsignificant
reduction of the fluke burden, and in unvaccinated-infected sheep.
Results: Our study showed that the pattern and dynamic of peptide recognition varied noticeably between both
vaccinated groups, and that the regions 55–63 and 77–84, which are within the propeptide, and regions 102–114
and 265–273 of FhCL1 were specifically recognised only by vaccinated sheep with significant reduction of the fluke
burden. In addition, these animals also showed significant production of specific IgG2, whereas a scarce non-significant
production was observed in animals vaccinated with Aluminium hydroxide and no production was detected in
infected control animals.
Conclusions: We have identified 42 residues of FhCL1 that contributed to protective immunity against infection with
F. hepatica in sheep. Our results provide indications in relation to key aspects of the immune response. Given the variable
outcomes of vaccination trials conducted in ruminants to date, this study adds new insights to improve strategies
of vaccine development.
2020-01-01T00:00:00Z