Hemodynamic Response to Lipopolysaccharide Infusion and Effect of Meloxicam Administration on Cardiac Function in Donkeys

Abstract

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in donkeys is observed to be secondary to colic, diarrhea or pleuropneumonia, among other disturbances. Horses with SIRS have hemodynamic and cardiac derangements, impairing prognosis and increasing mortality, but no information is available in donkeys with SIRS. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion in healthy adult donkeys led to increased cardiac troponin I concentrations (cTnI), hemodynamic derangements such as hypotension and diminution of central venous pressure, as well as cardiac dysfunction with decrease in stroke volume, cardiac output and cardiac index, and impairment of ultrasonographic ventricular function parameters. Intravenous meloxicam administration prevented most of the hemodynamic and cardiac deleterious effects of LPS infusion.

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in donkeys is observed to be secondary to colic, diarrhea or pleuropneumonia, among other disorders. Horses with SIRS develop secondary disturbances such as hyperlipemia, laminitis, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and hemodynamic and cardiac derangements, which impair their prognosis and increase the mortality rate. In donkeys, no information is available on the effect of experimentally induced endotoxemia in the cardiovascular system. Acute experimental endotoxemia was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion in six healthy adult non-pregnant jennies. Physical signs, arterial (systolic, diastolic and mean) and central venous pressure were monitored during 360 min. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations were measured in blood samples, and echocardiography was performed. LPS infusion caused an increase in cTnI, hypotension and diminution of central venous pressure, cardiac dysfunction, with a decrease in stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and cardiac index, and impairment of ultrasonographic ventricular function parameters. Intravenous meloxicam administration prevented the cTnI increase, hypotension, diminution of SV and CO, and changes in ultrasonographic parameters related to ventricular dysfunction. Thus, meloxicam could be proposed as an effective therapeutical option to control the hemodynamic and cardiac derangements observed in donkeys with SIRS.