Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease In 2 Centers

Abstract

Background: Comparing revascularization outcomes between the UK and Egypt helps identify clinical differences, outcome predictors, and healthcare disparities, guiding context-specific management for diabetic patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Aim: This study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and predictors among patients undergoing revascularization in two tertiary centres. Methods: From March 2019 to December 2021, diabetic PAD patients undergoing revascularization were recruited from Royal Free Hospital (RFH), London, UK, and Ain Shams University Hospitals (ASUHs), Cairo, Egypt. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, only 43 patients were included—17 from RFH and 26 from ASUHs—and followed for 3 months post-procedure. Sociodemographic data, medical history, and outcomes were collected. Egyptian patients also underwent pre- and postoperative testing for vascular inflammatory biomarkers: hsCRP, D-dimer, fibrinogen, Cystatin C, and LDL. Results: RFH patients were significantly older than ASUHs patients (70.1 vs. 60.5 years, p=0.004). Most were male (82.4% RFH, 84.6% ASUHs). ASUHs patients had higher rates of smoking (65.4% vs. 35.3%), obesity (50% vs. 11.8%, p=0.01), and hypercholesterolemia (76.9% vs. 17.6%, p=0.000). RFH patients had more renal insufficiency (58.8% vs. 3.8%, p=0.000) and foot ulcers (82.4% vs. 39.5%, p=0.006). Despite differences, favourable outcomes were similar (82.4% RFH vs. 88.5% ASUHs). Among ASUHs patients, postoperative reductions in LDL (p=0.03) and Cystatin C (p=0.13) were associated with better outcomes. Conclusion: ASUHs patients were younger and had different risk profiles, but clinical outcomes were comparable. Biomarker changes may help predict post-revascularization recovery.