Understanding nitrate assimilation and its regulation in microalgae
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Author
Sanz-Luque, Emanuel
Chamizo-Ampudia, Alejandro
Llamas Azúa, Ángel
Galván Cejudo, Aurora
Fernández Reyes, Emilio
Publisher
FrontiersDate
2015Subject
Nitrate assimilationNitrate/nitrite uptake
Green algae
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen metabolism
Chlamydomonas
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Nitrate assimilation is a key process for nitrogen (N) acquisition in green microalgae. Among Chlorophyte algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has resulted to be a good model system to unravel important facts of this process, and has provided important insights for agriculturally relevant plants. In this work, the recent findings on nitrate transport, nitrate reduction and the regulation of nitrate assimilation are presented in this and several other algae. Latest data have shown nitric oxide (NO) as an important signal molecule in the transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of nitrate reductase and inorganic N transport. Participation of regulatory genes and proteins in positive and negative signaling of the pathway and the mechanisms involved in the regulation of nitrate assimilation, as well as those involved in Molybdenum cofactor synthesis required to nitrate assimilation, are critically reviewed.