Extrahypothalamic Control of Energy Balance and Its Connection with Reproduction: Roles of the Amygdala
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Author
Pineda, Rafael
Torres, Encarnación
Tena-Sempere, Manuel
Publisher
MDPIDate
2021Subject
MetabolismAmygdala
Estrogens
Neuropeptides
Kisspeptins
Food intake
Energy balance
Body weight
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Show full item recordAbstract
Body energy and metabolic homeostasis are exquisitely controlled by multiple, often overlapping regulatory mechanisms, which permit the tight adjustment between fuel reserves, internal needs, and environmental (e.g., nutritional) conditions. As such, this function is sensitive to and closely connected with other relevant bodily systems, including reproduction and gonadal function. The aim of this mini-review article is to summarize the most salient experimental data supporting a role of the amygdala as a key brain region for emotional learning and behavior, including reward processing, in the physiological control of feeding and energy balance. In particular, a major focus will be placed on the putative interplay between reproductive signals and amygdala pathways, as it pertains to the control of metabolism, as complementary, extrahypothalamic circuit for the integral control of energy balance and gonadal function.