Looking for variable molecular markers in the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus: first comparison across genes
Autor
Bonal, Raúl
Vargas Osuna, E.
Mena, Juan Diego
Aparicio, José Miguel
Santoro, María
Martín, Ángela
Editor
FrontiersFecha
2018Materia
Genetic markersGenetic variability
Invasive pest
Invasive species
Castanea
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The quick spread of the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus in Europe constitutes an outstanding
example of recent human-aided biological invasion with dramatic economic losses. We screened for
the first time a set of five nuclear and mitochondrial genes from D. kuriphilus collected in the Iberian
Peninsula, and compared the sequences with those available from the native and invasive range of the
species. We found no genetic variability in Iberia in none of the five genes, moreover, the three genes
compared with other European samples showed no variability either. We recorded four cytochrome
b haplotypes in Europe; one was genuine mitochondrial DNA and the rest nuclear copies of mitDNA
(numts), what stresses the need of careful in silico analyses. The numts formed a separate cluster in
the gene tree and at least two of them might be orthologous, what suggests that the invasion might
have started with more than one individual. Our results point at a low initial population size in Europe
followed by a quick population growth. Future studies assessing the expansion of this pest should
include a large number of sampling sites and use powerful nuclear markers (e. g. Single Nucleotide
Polymorphisms) to detect genetic variability.