CMV Latent Infection Improves CD8+ T Response to SEB Due to Expansion of Polyfunctional CD57+ Cells in Young Individuals
Autor
Pera Rojas, Alejandra
Campos Fernández, Carmen
Sánchez-Correa, Beatriz
Tarazona, Raquel
Larbi, Anis
Solana Lara, Rafael
Alonso, Corona
Editor
Public Library of ScienceFecha
2014Materia
CytomegalovirusCMV
Inmunology
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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) latent infection has a deleterious effect on the efficacy of influenza vaccination in the elderly,
suggesting that CMV restricts immunological diversity impairing the immune system functionality in old age. Polyfunctional
T cells produce multiple cytokines and higher amounts than mono-functional T cells. High number of polyfunctional T cells
correlates with better prognosis during infection. Thus, the efficiency of T cell response associates with quality
(polyfunctionality) rather than with quantity (percentage of T cells). We analyze the effect of CMV infection on CD8+ T cells
polyfunctionality ---degranulation (CD107a), IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production---, from young CMV-seropositive and
CMV-seronegative individuals and in middle age CMV-seropositive donors, in response to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B
mainly TNF-alpha or TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma producers, whereas the percentage of polyfunctional cells (IFN-gamma/TNFalpha/
CD107a) is similar to the percentages found in young CMV-seropositive. Therefore, whereas it has been shown that
CMV latent infection can be detrimental for immune response in old individuals, our results indicate that CMV-seropositivity
is associated to higher levels of polyfunctional CD8+ T cells in young and middle age donors. This increase in
polyfunctionality, which can provide an immunological advantage in the response to other pathogens, is due to a
CD8+CD57+ T cell expansion in CMV-seropositive individuals and it is independent of age. Conversely, age could contribute
to the inflammation found in old individuals by increasing the percentage of cells producing pro-inflammatory cytokines.
These findings highlight the necessity of further studies on the benefits/detrimental effects of CMV infection in the response
to vaccination and other infections