The role of coping strategies and self-effi cacy as predictors of life satisfaction in a sample of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract

Background: This research aims to understand the role of coping strategies and self-effi cacy expectations as predictors of life satisfaction in a sample of parents of boys and girls diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder. Methods: A total of 129 parents (64 men and 65 women) answered a questionnaire on life-satisfaction, coping strategies and self effi cacy scales. Results: Using a regression model, results show that the age of the child is associated with a lower level of satisfaction in parents. The results show that self-effi cacy is the variable that best explains the level of satisfaction in mothers, while the use of problem solving explains a higher level of satisfaction in fathers. Men and women show similar levels of life satisfaction; however signifi cant differences were found in coping strategies where women demonstrated higher expressing emotions and social support strategies than men. Conclusions: The development of functional coping strategies and of a high level of self-effi cacy represents a key tool for adapting to caring for children with autism. Our results indicated the necessity of early intervention with parents to promote coping strategies, self-effi cacy and high level of life satisfaction.