Optimal Active Generator Torque Control Strategies for Tower Lateral Load Reduction in the IEA 15 MW Wind Turbine
Autor
Lara, Manuel
Ruz Ruiz, Mario L.
Sandua Fernández, Iñaki
Vázquez Serrano, Francisco J.
Garrido, J.
Editor
EUROSIMFecha
2023Materia
Lateral tower vibration controlVibration load mitigation
IEA 15 MW wind turbine
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The extension of wind turbines' lifetime by reducing fatigue loads is a topic of interest. The contribution of this work is focused on designing a controller that mitigates lateral tower vibrations in the full load region. The proposed strategy is based on Active Generator Torque Control (AGTC), which produces an extra component of the generator torque added to the rated torque. In addition, the AGTC control is combined with a Collective Pitch Control (CPC) scheme based on the NREL’s Reference OpenSource Controller (ROSCO), whose main purpose is to reject wind speed perturbation maintaining the wind turbine speed at its nominal value. Some variants of this scheme are proposed including an optional filter and a derivative gain in the AGTC. The controller parameter tuning is formulated as an optimization problem that minimizes the Fatigue Damage Equivalent Load (DEL) index for tower lateral loads. The resolution is carried out through genetic algorithms, and the design is applied to the IEA 15 MW RWT wind turbine model developed by NREL using the OpenFAST software. The ROSCO controller is used as the baseline scheme, comparing its performance with the proposed AGTC+CPC schemes. According to the simulation results, all the proposed AGTC strategies reduce the DEL index more than 30% with respect to the baseline controller. This reduction can be increased up to 42% at the expense of higher oscillations in the generated power and torque signal.