Study and characterization of the Ph1 locus as tool to promote interspecific chromosome associations between wheat and barley species
Autor
Rey Santome, María Dolores
Director/es
Prieto Aranda, PilarEditor
Universidad de Córdoba, UCOPressFecha
2015Materia
WheatBarley
DNA
Premeiosis
Meiosis
Chromosome manipulation
Genetic introgessions
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Interspecific hybridization is used to introduce desirable characters
from related species into allopolyploids such as wheat. The development
of substitution and addition lines of related species in bread wheat can be
useful as a genetic tool to transfer agronomic traits in the background of
bread wheat. However, there is a low level of pairing and recombination
between wheat chromosomes and those from the relative species.
Different approaches have been carried out to promote pairing and
recombination between related chromosomes such as the ph1b mutant,
ionizing radiations and gametocidal genes. However, the most important
discovery has been the Ph1 locus which regulates pairing and
recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis in
wheat. Thus, in its absence, related chromosomes could associate and
recombine.
Chapter 2 of this work examines the dynamic of DNA replication
during premeiosis and early meiosis in wheat using flow cytometry, which
has allowed the quantification of the amount of DNA in wheat anther in
each stage meiotic stage. Chromosome replication was detected in wheat
during premeiosis and early meiosis until the stage of pachytene, when
chromosomes are associated in pairs to further recombine and correctly
segregate in the gametes. Also, an important role of the Ph1 locus on the
length of meiotic DNA replication in wheat was shown using flow
cytometry.
Chapter 3 deals with chromosome manipulation to induce meiotic
recombination between barley and wheat in the absence of the Ph1 locus.
Genetic crosses between the ph1b mutant and both wild and cultivated
barley substitution and addition lines in wheat were carried out. More than...